Thesis / dissertation of TEENAGE PREGNANCY – Chapter 5

Chapter I; Chapter III; Chapter IV; Chapter V SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS .This chapter presents the summary of findings, the conclusion drawn, and the recommendations offered. Summary This study attempted to answer the question related to the effect of teenage pregnancy on educational development of students  and out-of-school youth in Maramag, Bukidnon. Firstly, this study endeavored to identify perception of the respondents on the causes of teenage pregnancy in terms of the following factors: the family, with a mean of 4.13, the respondents agreed that their parents are not open about the use of contraceptives at home; the levels of educational attainment of parents is low and the income is not enough to support the family. The respondents also agreed that parents don’t talk about consequences of plan or unplanned indulgence of sex. Secondly, this study attempted to find out the causes of teenage pregnancy as perceived by the respondents in terms of community factor. The findings showed that the respondents agreed to all indicators stated in the questionnaire. A self-made questionnaire was employed to gather data of the study. Average Weighted Mean was used to find out the extent of teenage pregnancy among the respondents. T-test was also used to test the significant difference of the extent of the educational development when respondents were grouped according to age, educational attainment, type of school attended and the socio economic status of the family. Step-wise regression analysis was used to analyze which among the causes of teen-age pregnancy greatly affect the respondent’s educational development. Findings The following are the findings of the study: 1. the age level of the majority of the respondents is between 17 to 18 years old. This constitute 38.3 percent of the population. The educational attainment of the respondents were mostly high school and elementary level. Only few or 18.3 percent of the respondents make it to college. While 14 of the respondents are still studying, majority are out-of-school youth, who, after pregnancy prefer to stay at home and take care of their babies. With regards to the type of school attended, majority or 78.3 percent are from public school. The monthly income of the family of the big majority of the respondents is less than Php 5,000. 2. When the perception of the respondents on the causes of teenage pregnancy in terms of family factor, the data showed that parents’ family factor, not being open about the use of contraceptives and permissive attitudes towards premarital sex were contributory to teenage pregnancy. Parents not being open about the use of contraceptive at home ranked first with a mean of 4.13. The lowest rank were respondents moderately agree was members of the family learned about sex from pornographic, playboy, television and internet. This has a mean of 2.88. 3. It was also found out that parents who work outside the home giving teenagers time to be alone most often. This is ranked first with a mean of 3.7 and a description of “Agree”. This was followed by teenage couple usually indulge in sexual activities out of curiosity with a mean of 3.55 and agreed by the respondents. Moderately agreed also by the respondents is the indicator, “Drugs and intoxicating drinks are usually introduced during group gathering 4. In terms of the perception of the respondents or the causes of Teenage pregnancy in terms of community factor, the respondents agreed o all indicators The highest of which are out-of-school youth teenagers in the community that are earning for a living; 4.18; pregnant unwed teenagers are often frowned in the community; 4.16 and majority of families in the community have very low income and not enough to support the needs of the family; 4.15 another indicator like unwed pregnant women usually prohibit themselves from attending church activities can also be surmised as effect that the respondents felt in the community. 5. With regards to the educational development of the respondents after pregnancy, a very significant findings were shown in their strong agreement of 5 indicators namely: “I am hurt when I hear people talk about me; with a mean of 4.43; I find difficult to attend school due to my pregnancy, with a mean of 4.41; I experience very low self- esteem due to my pregnancy with a mean of 4.30; I find it difficult to study because my attention is focused on the baby with a mean of 4.27 and my priority is to look for a part time job to support my babywith a mean of 4.23. 6. Tukey’s test, the multiple comparison test on the differences of the educational development of the respondents, points out which of the age brackets are significantly different from each other. Finding shows teenagers aged 16 years old and below have the same educational development with the rest of the age brackets since the computed mean difference on their responses are very small to reject the null hypothesis and the computed P-values are greater than the level of significance. 7. Finally the analysis of variance on the educational development of the respondents when classified to monthly income as shown in Table 15 are close to each other ranging from 3.95 to 4.10. This means that the educational development or the desires of the respondents to continue their studies after giving birth are the same regardless of the monthly income of their parents. Conclusions Based on the findings of the study, it is clearly shown that the respondents perception on the causes of teenage pregnancy are the following: family; the respondents agreed that their parents are not open about the using contraceptive at home; the level of educational attainment of parents is low and and the income is not enough to support the family. The data likewise showed that teenagers learned about sex from pornographic magazines, television and internet and since parents work outside the homes, teenagers are left alone with barkadas and friends at home hanging out together thus more likely indulge in premarital sex, The community was also considered as one factor that may cause teen-age pregnancy. Many community elders gamble and drink, and their drinking spree becomes the usual sight teenagers see among their elders everyday. The findings also confirms that pregnant unwed teenagers are often frowned by people in the community. Religiousity is not also manifested among families in the communities. Finally the findings indicate that the educational development or the desire of the respondents to continue their studies after giving birth are the same regardless of the monthly income of their parents. Recommendations Having identified the effects of tee-age pregnancy on the educational development of students and out-of-school , the following recommendations are put forward. 1. Strengthen the collaboration between parents and school to guide the teenagers parents and school to guide the teenagers the dangers of indulging in pre-marital sex especially that they are still studying. Likewise it is recommended that during PTC/PTA Meetings , the parents must be informed to closely monitored their children. 2. The School Administration should strengthen its homeroom and guidance program, so that teenagers will be given information and counseling regarding boy-girl relationship. 3. The teachers, especially class advisers must act as the second parents to teenagers especially those in need of parental guidance. 4. Involve the community in giving teenagers good models of values and character. Local officials should pass ordinances to prohibit teenagers from taking alcoholic drinks, cigarettes and the dangers of drugs. 5. The school curricula must not only integrate values in all subject areas but also information about the reproductive organs. 6. Education programs should be designed to address pressing and urgent concerns regarding teen-age pregnancy and collaborate with other agencies like DSWD and Health Care Units to help teenagers avoid premarital sex and live a healthy life style. 7. Local communities should provide recreational programs and facilities to give teenagers gainful and wholesome activities. Chapter 1- Introduction Chapter 1 – Statement of the Problem Chapter 1 – Null Hypothesis Chapter 1 – Significance of the Study Chapter 1 – Conceptual Framework Chapter 1 – Scope and Delimitation Chapter 1 – Definition of Keywords